11th amendment: suits against states
Ratified: February 7, 1795
Says how someone from one state can sue another state.
Says how someone from one state can sue another state.
12th amendment: election of president and vice president
Ratified: June 15, 1804
It modifies the way the Electoral College chooses the president and vice president. Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution, which established the Electoral College, provided that each state appoint electors equal to the total number of House and Senate members in their state and that the electors shall vote for two persons. The presidential candidate who received the most electoral votes won the presidency; the runner-up became the vice president.
It modifies the way the Electoral College chooses the president and vice president. Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution, which established the Electoral College, provided that each state appoint electors equal to the total number of House and Senate members in their state and that the electors shall vote for two persons. The presidential candidate who received the most electoral votes won the presidency; the runner-up became the vice president.
13th amendment: Abolition of slavery
Ratified: December 18, 1865
Eliminated slavery, guaranteed due process, equal protection and voting rights to all Americans.
Eliminated slavery, guaranteed due process, equal protection and voting rights to all Americans.
14th amendment: Citizenship rights, equal protection, apportionment, civil war debt
Ratified: July 9, 1868
It guaranteed that slaves be counted only as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation in Congress and a state shall not violate a citizen’s privileges or immunities; shall not deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law; and must guarantee all persons equal protection of the laws.
It guaranteed that slaves be counted only as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation in Congress and a state shall not violate a citizen’s privileges or immunities; shall not deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law; and must guarantee all persons equal protection of the laws.
15th amendment: Right to vote not denied by race
Ratified: February 3, 1870
The Fifteenth Amendment prohibits the use of race in determining which citizens can vote and how they do so.
The Fifteenth Amendment prohibits the use of race in determining which citizens can vote and how they do so.
16th amendment: Income tax
Ratified: February 3, 1913
Required Congress to tax each state based on the state’s population rather than taxing individuals based on personal wealth or property.
Required Congress to tax each state based on the state’s population rather than taxing individuals based on personal wealth or property.
17th amendment: popular election of senators
Ratified: April 8, 1913
Two senators from each state were elected by the legislature of each state, senators represented the states to the federal Union, and members of the House represented the local voters in their district.
Two senators from each state were elected by the legislature of each state, senators represented the states to the federal Union, and members of the House represented the local voters in their district.
18th amendment: prohibition of liquor
Ratified: January 16, 1919
Prohibited the making, transporting, and selling of alcoholic beverages.
Prohibited the making, transporting, and selling of alcoholic beverages.
19th amendment: women's right to vote
Ratified: August 18, 1920
All genders may vote in elections.
All genders may vote in elections.
20th amendment: presidential term and succession, assembly of congress
Ratified: January 23, 1933
The term ends for the President on January 20. Congress must meet once every year.
The term ends for the President on January 20. Congress must meet once every year.
21st amendment: repeal of prohibition
Ratified: December 5, 1933
The 18th Amendment is repealed.
The 18th Amendment is repealed.
22ND AMENDMENT: TWO-TERM LIMIT ON PRESIDENCY
Ratified: February 27, 1951
The amendment specifies that if a vice president or other successor takes over for a president and serves two years or less of the former president’s term, the new president may serve for two full four-year terms. If more than two years remain of the term when the successor assumes office, the new president may serve only one additional term.
The amendment specifies that if a vice president or other successor takes over for a president and serves two years or less of the former president’s term, the new president may serve for two full four-year terms. If more than two years remain of the term when the successor assumes office, the new president may serve only one additional term.
23RD AMENDMENT: PRESIDENTIAL VOTE FOR D.C.
Ratified: March 29, 1961
Washington D.C. gets representation like a state would in the electorate.
Washington D.C. gets representation like a state would in the electorate.
24TH AMENDMENT: ABOLITION OF POLL TAXES
Ratified: January 23, 1964
Citizens can vote in elections without paying poll taxes.
Citizens can vote in elections without paying poll taxes.
25TH AMENDMENT: PRESIDENTIAL DISABILITY AND SECESSION
Ratified: February 10, 1967
The Vice President takes over if something happens to the President. The Speaker of the House follows the VP.
The Vice President takes over if something happens to the President. The Speaker of the House follows the VP.
26TH AMENDMENT: RIGHT TO VOTE AT AGE 18
Ratified: July 1, 1971
You must be at least 18 years old to vote.
You must be at least 18 years old to vote.
27th amendment: congressional compensation
Ratified: May 7, 1992
It prevents members of Congress from granting themselves pay raises during the current session.
It prevents members of Congress from granting themselves pay raises during the current session.